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    "title": "Semi-Flexible Solar Panel Manufacturing Process and Structure Explained -  - Ooitech, the world's leading solar panel production line solutions provider, supply chain expert, solar panel making machine facotry",
    "description": "A detailed guide to semi-flexible solar panel manufacturing, exploring the 7-layer structure including ETFE, EVA, PET, and TPT, and how each layer protects the cells and boosts power output.",
    "keywords": "semi-flexible solar panel, flexible PV module, ETFE solar panel, lightweight solar module, TPT backsheet, EVA encapsulation, flexible photovoltaic manufacturing",
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    "headings": [
        {
            "level": 2,
            "text": "Semi-Flexible Solar Panel Manufacturing Process and Structure Explained"
        },
        {
            "level": 3,
            "text": "Semi-Flexible Solar Panel Manufacturing Process and Structure Explained"
        },
        {
            "level": 5,
            "text": "Product Introduction"
        },
        {
            "level": 5,
            "text": "Module Structure"
        },
        {
            "level": 5,
            "text": "Layer Functions"
        },
        {
            "level": 6,
            "text": "ETFE Front Sheet"
        },
        {
            "level": 6,
            "text": "EVA Encapsulation Film"
        },
        {
            "level": 6,
            "text": "Power Generation Layer (Cells)"
        },
        {
            "level": 6,
            "text": "EVA (Second Layer)"
        },
        {
            "level": 6,
            "text": "PET Support Layer"
        },
        {
            "level": 6,
            "text": "EVA Film (Bonding Layer)"
        },
        {
            "level": 6,
            "text": "Anti-Crack Film"
        },
        {
            "level": 6,
            "text": "TPT Backsheet"
        },
        {
            "level": 5,
            "text": "Boosting Power Output"
        },
        {
            "level": 5,
            "text": "Summary"
        },
        {
            "level": 5,
            "text": "Tags :"
        },
        {
            "level": 5,
            "text": "Category"
        },
        {
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        },
        {
            "level": 2,
            "text": "We deliver expertise you can trust our service"
        },
        {
            "level": 3,
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        },
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            "level": 3,
            "text": "15+ Years Industry Experience"
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            "level": 2,
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        },
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            "level": 3,
            "text": "KTECH"
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        {
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    "wordCount": 1640,
    "markdown": "# Semi-Flexible Solar Panel Manufacturing Process and Structure Explained -  - Ooitech, the world's leading solar panel production line solutions provider, supply chain expert, solar panel making machine facotry\n\n> A detailed guide to semi-flexible solar panel manufacturing, exploring the 7-layer structure including ETFE, EVA, PET, and TPT, and how each layer protects the cells and boosts power output.\n\n![Semi-Flexible Solar Panel Manufacturing Process and Structure Explained](https://cdn.ooitech.com/static/upload/image/20260624/f731e49f5fdba64e4a3511accfacaf02.png)\n\n- ** 2026-06-24\n- ** 734 Views\n- ** [Blog](/Blog.html)\n\n### Semi-Flexible Solar Panel Manufacturing Process and Structure Explained\n\n##### Product Introduction\n\nAs photovoltaic technology keeps moving forward, a new kind of PV product has appeared on the production side that is quite different from glass solar modules. It is lighter, more flexible, and far more convenient to use. This is the semi-flexible solar module, often called a semi-flexible panel in the industry.\n\nSemi-flexible PV modules have a wide range of applications. They cover distributed solar power scenarios such as commercial and industrial color-steel tile roofs, flat roofs, residential tile houses, and building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV). They also fit special scenarios like landscape lighting, portable power sources, robots, and outdoor activities.\n\nWith advantages like softness and flexibility, light weight and portability, good plasticity, high efficiency, and being environmentally friendly, semi-flexible modules are gradually becoming a favorite in the new energy field, winning more and more user trust. Today let's take a simple look at the manufacturing process and structure of flexible PV modules.\n\n##### Module Structure\n\nHere is a structure diagram and promotional image of a flexible PV module found online:\n\nWe can see that the module has a 7-layer structure: ETFE + EVA + Cells (power generation layer) + EVA + PET + EVA + TPT. Below we break down the role of each layer.\n\n##### Layer Functions\n\n###### ETFE Front Sheet\n\nETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer) serves as the flexible front sheet, replacing traditional glass. It offers **high light transmittance (usually >94%)**, excellent **weather resistance**, **UV resistance**, and **chemical corrosion resistance**. It provides the outermost protection for the module while ensuring efficient light transmission.\n\n###### EVA Encapsulation Film\n\nEVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) film is responsible for **bonding and encapsulation**. It firmly bonds the ETFE front sheet to the power generation layer, while blocking water vapor and oxygen, **buffering stress**, and protecting the cells.\n\n###### Power Generation Layer (Cells)\n\nThe cells are the **core power-generating component** of the module. They carry out photoelectric conversion, turning the sunlight reaching the cells into electricity.\n\n###### EVA (Second Layer)\n\nThis EVA layer again acts as encapsulation material, bonding the other side of the cells to the following layers. Its function is the same as the upper EVA.\n\n###### PET Support Layer\n\nPET usually works as a **middle support layer** or as the inner layer of the backsheet. In this flexible module it exists as the middle layer, providing **mechanical strength**, **electrical insulation**, and a certain level of water vapor barrier. However, its own UV and damp-heat aging resistance is limited, so it relies on outer-layer protection. Some flexible modules place the PET above the cell layer.\n\n###### EVA Film (Bonding Layer)\n\nThis EVA film bonds the PET layer to the outer backsheet (TPT), ensuring tight inter-layer adhesion and preventing delamination.\n\n###### Anti-Crack Film\n\nThe anti-crack film bonds the cells and prevents micro-cracks in the cells when the module is bent.\n\n###### TPT Backsheet\n\nThe TPT backsheet is the outermost back layer of the module. Its structure is PVF (polyvinyl fluoride) film + PET substrate + PVF film, where PVF film is a polymer extruded from copolymers of fluorine and fluorocarbon molecules. The reason this structure is called a TPT backsheet is that the American DuPont company is a well-known producer of PVF film. DuPont's registered trademark for PVF film is Tedlar, abbreviated as \"T\" in backsheet structures, while \"P\" refers to the middle PET substrate.\n\nThe main roles of the TPT structure backsheet are: the outer fluorine film provides outstanding **weather resistance**, **UV resistance**, and **environmental corrosion resistance**; the middle PET layer provides **mechanical support**, **electrical insulation**, and the main water vapor barrier; the inner fluorine film has good **adhesion** with the EVA film, ensuring the backsheet bonds firmly with the encapsulation system.\n\n##### Boosting Power Output\n\nIn addition, many flexible PV modules use a special process to create a honeycomb-shaped texture on the module surface in order to increase power generation. This honeycomb texture creates a certain \"light trapping effect\" that boosts the module's output.\n\n##### Summary\n\nFlexible PV modules use **ETFE** instead of glass as the front sheet, **multiple layers of EVA** for bonding and encapsulation protection, **PET** as the middle reinforcing layer, and **TPT** as the weather-resistant backsheet. Together they provide comprehensive physical protection, environmental sealing, and long-term reliability for the fragile power generation layer. At the same time, manufacturers create a honeycomb pattern on the module surface to improve power generation.\n\nooitech believes: semi-flexible PV modules wrap a delicate cell layer in a smart ETFE-EVA-PET-TPT sandwich to deliver lightweight, durable, and higher-yield solar power.\n\n---\n\n##### Tags :\n\n\n![](/template/ooitech/assets/img/shape/06.png)\n\n![](https://cdn.ooitech.com/static/upload/image/20250909/1757399770541443.webp)\n\n### Request A Quote\n\nAll uploads are secure and confidential.\n\n## We deliver expertise you can trust our service\n\nDirect-from-Factory Equipment.\n\n![](/template/ooitech/assets/img/icon/money-2.svg)\n\n### Cost-Effective Advantages\n\nWe deliver exceptional value, maximizing results while optimizing budgets for clients.\n\n![](/template/ooitech/assets/img/icon/staff.svg)\n\n### Our Experience Team\n\nOur skilled professionals specialize in innovative solutions and tailored strategies.\n\n![](/template/ooitech/assets/img/icon/certified.svg)\n\n### 15+ Years Industry Experience\n\nDeep expertise ensures reliable, trend-aware, and proven outcomes for success.\n\n![](https://cdn.ooitech.com/static/upload/image/20250910/1757477357667605.webp )\n\n![](https://cdn.ooitech.com/static/upload/image/20250910/1757477724911512.webp)\n\n![](/template/ooitech/assets/img/shape/06.png)\n\n## What Our Client Say's about us\n\nClient testimonials praise our deep understanding of their challenges, which leads to innovative solutions and strong ROI. Long-term collaborations—some over a decade—demonstrate their trust and satisfaction. Their success stories drive us to continually exceed expectations. [Know More **](#quote-form)\n\n![](/template/ooitech/assets/img/icon/quote.svg)\n\nThank you again so much again for the very big big help for improving and fixing the factory and also teaching the workers how to use the machines\n\n![](https://cdn.ooitech.com/runtime/image/w800_h600_fitblur_v2_1757479675272137.webp)\n\n### Mark\n\nBIPV Philippines\n\n![](/template/ooitech/assets/img/icon/quote.svg)\n\nA man with a big soul. Thank you very much for your visit Mr Wu. Thank you very much for the services provided in installing equipment and training my students. The kindest person and professional in his field\n\n![](https://cdn.ooitech.com/runtime/image/w800_h600_fitblur_v2_2026041716444445.webp)\n\n### Jizzakh Polytechnic Institute\n\n![](/template/ooitech/assets/img/icon/quote.svg)\n\nThanks to Ooitech for providing highly suitable BC solar cell experimental equipment.\n\n![](https://cdn.ooitech.com/runtime/image/w800_h600_fitblur_v2_1776426122864564.webp)\n\n### KTECH\n\n![](/template/ooitech/assets/img/icon/quote.svg)\n\nThanks to Ooitech for providing the fully automated production equipment—your installation and after-sales service have been excellent.\n\n![](https://cdn.ooitech.com/runtime/image/w800_h600_fitblur_v2_2026041720921238.webp)\n\n### Amjad\n\n## Our Latest Products\n\n![OSLB-1300 Back Contact Cell Welding Machine | BC Solar Cell Stringer for IBC ABC HPBC Panel Production](https://cdn.ooitech.com/runtime/image/w800_h600_fitblur_v2_2026032311945973.png)\n\n- [** ooitech](/oslb-1300-back-contact-cell-welding-machine-bc-solar-cell-stringer-for-ibc-abc-hpbc-panel-production.html)\n- [** 98596](/oslb-1300-back-contact-cell-welding-machine-bc-solar-cell-stringer-for-ibc-abc-hpbc-panel-production.html)\n\n### OSLB-1300 Back Contact Cell Welding Machine | BC Solar Cell Stringer for IBC ABC HPBC Panel Production\n\nOSLB-1300 back contact cell welding machine by Ooitech delivers ≥1000 cells/hour throughput for BC, IBC, ABC, and HPBC solar cell string welding. Features A/B dual cell loading, CCD + SCARA robot positioning (±0.2mm), infrared heating welding, inline EL i\n\n![Solar Panel Framing Machine with Punching Function & OTZK-A Full Automatic Framing Machine with Auto Dispensing Glue | Ooitech](https://cdn.ooitech.com/runtime/image/w800_h600_fitblur_v2_1774608426614052.webp)\n\n- [** Rachael](/solar-panel-framing-machine-with-punching-function-and-otzk-a-full-automatic-framing-machine-with-auto-dispensing-glue-ooitech.html)\n- [** 19872](/solar-panel-framing-machine-with-punching-function-and-otzk-a-full-automatic-framing-machine-with-auto-dispensing-glue-ooitech.html)\n\n### Solar Panel Framing Machine with Punching Function & OTZK-A Full Automatic Framing Machine with Auto Dispensing Glue | Ooitech\n\nOoitech offers high-performance solar panel framing machines including the hydraulic punching framing machine and OTZK-A full automatic framing machine with auto dispensing glue. 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Supports 161-230mm cells with 3BB to 24BB conf\n\n![C350-CQC EVA, TPT, and PPE strips Cutting &Punching Machine – Solar Busbar Processing](https://cdn.ooitech.com/runtime/image/w800_h600_fitblur_v2_2026032714363679.webp)\n\n- [** Rachael](/ECPC-C350-CQC-Punching-and-Cutting-Machine-High-Precision-Solar-Panel-Material-Processing-Equipment.html)\n- [** 34358](/ECPC-C350-CQC-Punching-and-Cutting-Machine-High-Precision-Solar-Panel-Material-Processing-Equipment.html)\n\n### C350-CQC EVA, TPT, and PPE strips Cutting &Punching Machine – Solar Busbar Processing\n\nC350-CQC punching & cutting machine – 30 pcs/min, ±0.2mm accuracy for EVA, TPT & PPE solar materials. Precision processing for busbar and encapsulant components in PV production lines.\n\n![Solar Glass for PV Modules – Low-Iron Tempered, Anti-Reflective](https://cdn.ooitech.com/runtime/image/w800_h600_fitblur_v2_1774514074283403.webp)\n\n- [** ooitech](/Solar-Glass-Ultra-Clear-Low-Iron-Tempered-Glass-for-Photovoltaic-Modules.html)\n- [** 45935](/Solar-Glass-Ultra-Clear-Low-Iron-Tempered-Glass-for-Photovoltaic-Modules.html)\n\n### Solar Glass for PV Modules – Low-Iron Tempered, Anti-Reflective\n\nLow-iron tempered solar glass with AR coating – 91.5%+ light transmittance for maximum panel efficiency. Available in standard & textured versions. IEC 61215/61730 compliant PV module glass.\n\n![Solar Panel Tester Sun Simulator OTMT-A | AAA Class Solar Module IV Tester | Ooitech](https://cdn.ooitech.com/runtime/image/w800_h600_fitblur_v2_1774513832212306.jpg)\n\n- [** ooitech](/solar-panel-tester-sun-simulator-otmt-a-aaa-class-solar-module-iv-tester-ooitech.html)\n- [** 267](/solar-panel-tester-sun-simulator-otmt-a-aaa-class-solar-module-iv-tester-ooitech.html)\n\n### Solar Panel Tester Sun Simulator OTMT-A | AAA Class Solar Module IV Tester | Ooitech\n\nOoitech OTMT-A Solar Panel Tester Sun Simulator is an AAA class solar module IV testing system featuring xenon lamp technology, IEC 60904-9 compliance, ±2% light non-uniformity, and 300,000 flash lamp life. Ideal for mono-Si and poly-Si solar panel produc\n",
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